How many paragraphs does the standard review report for U.S. nonpublic companies or development stage companies have?
a. One.
b. Two.
c. Three.
d....
Which one of the following procedures is not a standard procedure when performing a review?
Which one of the following procedures is not a standard procedure when performing a review?
a. Assess the internal control over financial reporting.
b....
Which of the following services provides limited assurance?
Which of the following services provides limited assurance?
a. Review.
b. Audit.
c. Examination.
d. Compilation.
Answer:...
Which of the following engagements requires less evidence than a review of financial statements?
Which of the following engagements requires less evidence than a review of financial statements?
a. A compilation.
b. An audit.
c. An examination.
d....
A compilation report provides the user with which one of the following types of assurance?
A compilation report provides the user with which one of the following types of assurance?
a. No assurance.
b. Absolute assurance.
c. Limited assurance.
d....
A review report provides the user with which one of the following types of assurance?
A review report provides the user with which one of the following types of assurance?
a. Reasonable assurance.
b. Basic assurance.
c. Absolute assurance.
d....
Which of the following is an accounting service that involves performing inquiry and analytical procedures as a reasonable basis for expressing limited assurance that no material modifications need to be made to the financial statements in order for the financial statements to conform to GAAP?
Which of the following is an accounting service that involves performing inquiry and analytical procedures as a reasonable basis for expressing limited...
What does the review service provided by the CPA firm require?
What does the review service provided by the CPA firm require?
a. It requires the CPA to make inquiries concerning matters affecting the financial...
When the CPA is not independent with respect to a compilation client, what should the CPA do?
When the CPA is not independent with respect to a compilation client, what should the CPA do?
a. The CPA must not accept the engagement.
b. The...
When an accountant is asked to compile financial statements that omit substantially all of the required disclosures, which of the following actions is appropriate?
When an accountant is asked to compile financial statements that omit substantially all of the required disclosures, which of the following actions...
What types of companies can have a compilation performed in accordance with the AICPA standards?
What types of companies can have a compilation performed in accordance with the AICPA standards?
a. Public Companies: Yes; Nonpublic Companies:...
Which of the following standards represents the standards followed by CPAs providing a review of a client's financial statements?
Which of the following standards represents the standards followed by CPAs providing a review of a client's financial statements?
a. Statements...
Which one of the following statements is false regarding a review?
Which one of the following statements is false regarding a review?
a. A review involves assessing fraud risk.
b. A review does not involve obtaining...
Which of the following is not an AICPA general standard for attestation engagements?
Which of the following is not an AICPA general standard for attestation engagements?
a. The practitioner must have adequate technical training and...
Which of the following is not an AICPA standard of reporting for attestation engagements?
Which of the following is not an AICPA standard of reporting for attestation engagements?
a. The practitioner must identify the subject matter...
What are the two topics that attestation standards provide guidance on?
What are the two topics that attestation standards provide guidance on?
a. They provide a plan for the engagement and criteria about who can participate...
What are the two levels of assurance that can be provided in an attestation engagement?
What are the two levels of assurance that can be provided in an attestation engagement?
a. Risk assurance and reduction assurance.
b. Professional...
Which of the following is not a critical component of attestation services?
Which of the following is not a critical component of attestation services?
a. Information or process (the subject matter) on which the assurance...
Which of the following is not subject matter that would be attested to in a non-audit attestation engagement?
Which of the following is not subject matter that would be attested to in a non-audit attestation engagement?
a. Historical events such as the price...
Which of the following statements is false regarding materiality judgments?
Which of the following statements is false regarding materiality judgments?
a. Materiality judgments are a matter of professional judgment.
b. Materiality...
Which of the following statements is not true about materiality judgments?
Which of the following statements is not true about materiality judgments?
a. The auditor's consideration of materiality is influenced by the auditor's...
When a client has significant and nonrecurring charges to nonoperating expenses, which of the following would be the most appropriate materiality benchmark?
When a client has significant and nonrecurring charges to nonoperating expenses, which of the following would be the most appropriate materiality benchmark?
a....
Performance materiality helps the auditor to determine which of the following?
Performance materiality helps the auditor to determine which of the following?
a. Extent of audit evidence needed.
b. The specific analytical procedures...
Which of the following would not be a reason to lower the threshold for materiality?
Which of the following would not be a reason to lower the threshold for materiality?
a. The auditor is concerned with potential violations of debt...
Which of the following will the auditor will not consider when making a materiality determination?
Which of the following will the auditor will not consider when making a materiality determination?
a. Potential default on loan covenants.
b. Changes...
Which document is prepared so that auditors can aggregate potential misstatements in order to assess the materiality of misstatements?
Which document is prepared so that auditors can aggregate potential misstatements in order to assess the materiality of misstatements?
a. The audit...
In which of the following cases is it not necessary for an auditor to revise the original materiality level and document the new materiality amount, as well as the rationale for changing the amount?
In which of the following cases is it not necessary for an auditor to revise the original materiality level and document the new materiality amount,...
Almost every asset and liability account requires significant judgments. Which of the following judgments is subject to allowance for noncollectability?
Almost every asset and liability account requires significant judgments. Which of the following judgments is subject to allowance for noncollectability?
a....
Which of the following is least likely to require significant auditor judgment about the dollar amount to be disclosed in the financial statements?
Which of the following is least likely to require significant auditor judgment about the dollar amount to be disclosed in the financial statements?
a....
Misstatements detected during the audit that were initially deemed to be immaterial must be summarized to determine which of the following?
Misstatements detected during the audit that were initially deemed to be immaterial must be summarized to determine which of the following?
a. Materiality.
b....
Which of the following statements is false regarding materiality judgments?
Which of the following statements is false regarding materiality judgments?
a. Materiality judgments are a matter of professional judgment.
b. Materiality...
Which of the following will the auditor not consider when making a materiality determination?
Which of the following will the auditor not consider when making a materiality determination?
a. Potential default on loan covenants.
b. Changes...
Which document is prepared so that auditors can aggregate potential misstatements in order to assess the materiality of misstatements?
Which document is prepared so that auditors can aggregate potential misstatements in order to assess the materiality of misstatements?
a. The audit...
Almost every asset and liability account requires significant judgments. Which of the following judgments is subject to allowance for noncollectability?
Almost every asset and liability account requires significant judgments. Which of the following judgments is subject to allowance for noncollectability?
a....
Which of the following is least likely to require significant auditor judgment about the dollar amount to be disclosed in the financial statements?
Which of the following is least likely to require significant auditor judgment about the dollar amount to be disclosed in the financial statements?
a....
Material misstatements in the financial statements, including those requiring restatements strongly imply a material weakness in which of the following?
Material misstatements in the financial statements, including those requiring restatements strongly imply a material weakness in which of the following?
a....
Which of the following is an approach used to determine posting material misstatements?
Which of the following is an approach used to determine posting material misstatements?
a. Dual approach.
b. Percentage approach.
c. Qualitative...
Which of the following would not be a reason to lower the threshold for materiality?
Which of the following would not be a reason to lower the threshold for materiality?
a. The auditor is concerned with potential violations of debt...
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the use of a judgmental approach by auditors in determining whether a misstatement is clearly trivial?
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the use of a judgmental approach by auditors in determining whether a misstatement is clearly...
An internal auditor's work would most likely affect the nature, timing, and extent of external audit procedures when the internal auditor's work relates to which of the following assertions?
An internal auditor's work would most likely affect the nature, timing, and extent of external audit procedures when the internal auditor's work relates...
For which of the following audit areas would the external auditor be least likely to rely on work performed by a client's internal audit function?
For which of the following audit areas would the external auditor be least likely to rely on work performed by a client's internal audit function?
a....
Which of the following factors should an auditor consider when evaluating the severity of an identified control deficiency?
Which of the following factors should an auditor consider when evaluating the severity of an identified control deficiency?
a. Magnitude of the...
Which of the following conditions most likely indicates the existence of significant deficiency in internal control over financial reporting?
Which of the following conditions most likely indicates the existence of significant deficiency in internal control over financial reporting?
a....
Which of the following factors is a risk factor associated with derivative securities that should be considered by the auditor?
Which of the following factors is a risk factor associated with derivative securities that should be considered by the auditor?
a. Management's...
An audit client has invested heavily in new equity and debt securities. Which of the following would NOT constitute an appropriate role for the company's board of directors?
An audit client has invested heavily in new equity and debt securities. Which of the following would NOT constitute an appropriate role for the company's...
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most likely not be considered by the auditor in evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill?
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most likely not be considered by the auditor in evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill?
a....
A Level 3 fair value estimate is an estimate based on which of the following?
A Level 3 fair value estimate is an estimate based on which of the following?
a. The value of similar assets traded on a foreign exchange.
b. The...
Which of the following might require an auditor to rely on a specialist to obtain sufficient appropriate evidence related to acquisitions?
Which of the following might require an auditor to rely on a specialist to obtain sufficient appropriate evidence related to acquisitions?
a. The...
Which of the following valuation issues are associated with merger and acquisition activity?
Which of the following valuation issues are associated with merger and acquisition activity?
a. Valuing assets of the acquired organization at their...
Which of the following procedures would an auditor most likely perform as part of auditing management estimates of longterm liabilities?
Which of the following procedures would an auditor most likely perform as part of auditing management estimates of longterm liabilities?
a. Inquire...
Which of the following would the auditor not try to determine about a client's warranty estimate?
Which of the following would the auditor not try to determine about a client's warranty estimate?
a. Whether the estimate is reasonable in the...
Xylem vessels, found in angiosperms, have a much greater internal diameter than tracheids, the only xylem-conducting cells found in gymnosperms. The tallest living trees, redwoods, are gymnosperms. Which of the following is an advantage of tracheids over vessels for long-distance transport to great heights?
Xylem vessels, found in angiosperms, have a much greater internal diameter than tracheids, the only xylem-conducting cells found in gymnosperms. The...
Which of the following statements is false concerning the xylem?
Which of the following statements is false concerning the xylem?
A) Xylem tracheids and vessels fulfill their vital function only after their...
Active transport would be least important in the normal functioning of which of the following plant tissue types?
Active transport would be least important in the normal functioning of which of the following plant tissue types?
A) leaf transfer cells
B)...
Which of the following statements about transport in plants is false?
Which of the following statements about transport in plants is false?
A) Weak bonding between water molecules and the walls of xylem vessels...
Transpiration in plants requires all of the following except
Transpiration in plants requires all of the following except
A) adhesion of water molecules to cellulose.
B) cohesion between water molecules.
C)...
Which of the following is responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?
Which of the following is responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?
A) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of a water molecule...
Which of the following has the lowest (most negative) water potential?
Which of the following has the lowest (most negative) water potential?
A) root cortical cells
B) root xylem
C) trunk xylem
D) leaf cell...
Water potential is generally most negative in which of the following parts of a plant?
Water potential is generally most negative in which of the following parts of a plant?
A) mesophyll cells of the leaf
B) xylem vessels in...
In which plant cell or tissue would the pressure component of water potential most often be negative?
In which plant cell or tissue would the pressure component of water potential most often be negative?
A) leaf mesophyll cell
B) stem xylem
C)...
What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?
What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?
A) active transport of ions into the...
What drives the flow of water through the xylem?
What drives the flow of water through the xylem?
A) passive transport by the endodermis
B) the number of companion cells in the phloem
C)...
If isolated plant cells with a water potential averaging -0.5 MPa are placed into a solution with a water potential of -0.3 MPa, which of the following would be the most likely outcome?
If isolated plant cells with a water potential averaging -0.5 MPa are placed into a solution with a water potential of -0.3 MPa, which of the following...
One would expect to find the highest density of aquaporins in which of the following?
One would expect to find the highest density of aquaporins in which of the following?
A) the plasma membrane of guard cells
B) the pits of...
One is most likely to see guttation in small plants when the
One is most likely to see guttation in small plants when the
A) transpiration rates are high.
B) root pressure exceeds transpiration pull.
C)...
The following factors may sometimes play a role in the movement of sap through xylem. Which one depends on the direct expenditure of ATP by the plant?
The following factors may sometimes play a role in the movement of sap through xylem. Which one depends on the direct expenditure of ATP by the plant?
A)...
Pine seedlings grown in sterile potting soil grow much slower than seedlings grown in soil from the area where the seeds were collected. This is most likely because
Pine seedlings grown in sterile potting soil grow much slower than seedlings grown in soil from the area where the seeds were collected. This is most...
Which of the following is not an important component of the long-distance transport process in plants?
Which of the following is not an important component of the long-distance transport process in plants?
A) the cohesion of water molecules
B)...
In plant roots, the Casparian strip is correctly described by which of the following?
In plant roots, the Casparian strip is correctly described by which of the following?
A) It aids in the uptake of nutrients.
B) It provides...
What is the role of proton pumps in root hair cells?
What is the role of proton pumps in root hair cells?
A) establish ATP gradients
B) maintain the H+ gradient
C) pressurize xylem transport
D)...
Which of the following statements about xylem is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about xylem is incorrect?
A) It conducts material from root tips to leaves.
B) The conducting cells are...
All of the following involve active transport across membranes except
All of the following involve active transport across membranes except
A) the movement of mineral nutrients from the apoplast to the symplast.
B)...
A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. This living cell would be a part of which structure?
A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. This living cell...
Root hairs are most important to a plant because they
Root hairs are most important to a plant because they
A) anchor a plant in the soil.
B) store starches.
C) increase the surface area for absorption.
D)...
Which of the following would likely not contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?
Which of the following would likely not contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?
A)...
Which of the following statements is false about bulk flow?
Which of the following statements is false about bulk flow?
A) It is driven primarily by pressure potential.
B) It is more effective than...
Some botanists argue that the entire plant should be considered as a single unit rather than a composite of many individual cells. Which of the following cellular structures cannot be used to support this view?
Some botanists argue that the entire plant should be considered as a single unit rather than a composite of many individual cells. Which of the following...
Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will
Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will
A) have a faster rate of osmosis.
B) have...
The value for ? in root tissue was found to be -0.15 MPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1 M solution of sucrose (? = -0.23 MPa), the net water flow would
The value for ? in root tissue was found to be -0.15 MPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1 M solution of sucrose (? = -0.23 MPa), the...
If ?P = 0.3 MPa and ?S = -0.45 MPa, the resulting ? is
If ?P = 0.3 MPa and ?S = -0.45 MPa, the resulting ? is
A) +0.75 MPa.
B) -0.75 MPa.
C) -0.15 MPa.
D) +0.15 MPa.
E) -0.42 MPa.
Answer:...
All of the following have an effect on water potential (?) in plants except
All of the following have an effect on water potential (?) in plants except
A) physical pressure.
B) water-attracting matrices.
C) dissolved...
An open beaker of pure water has a water potential (?) of
An open beaker of pure water has a water potential (?) of
A) -0.23 MPa.
B) +0.23 MPa.
C) +0.07 MPa.
D) -0.0000001 MPa.
E) 0.0 (zero).
Answer:...
The movement of water across biological membranes can best be predicted by
The movement of water across biological membranes can best be predicted by
A) negative charges in the cell wall.
B) prevailing weather conditions.
C)...
Given that early land plants most likely share a common ancestor with green algae, the earliest land plants were most likely
Given that early land plants most likely share a common ancestor with green algae, the earliest land plants were most likely
A) nonvascular...
Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane proton pump?
Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane proton pump?
A) hydrolyzes ATP
B) produces a proton gradient
C) generates...
Active transport of various materials in plants at the cellular level requires all of the following except
Active transport of various materials in plants at the cellular level requires all of the following except
A) a proton gradient.
B) ATP.
C)...
Active transport involves all of the following except the
Active transport involves all of the following except the
A) diffusion of solute through the lipid bilayer of a membrane.
B) pumping of solutes...
Which of the following would be least likely to affect osmosis in plants?
Which of the following would be least likely to affect osmosis in plants?
A) proton pumps in the membrane
B) a difference in solute concentrations
C)...
Which structure or compartment is not part of the plant's apoplast?
Which structure or compartment is not part of the plant's apoplast?
A) the lumen of a xylem vessel
B) the lumen of a sieve tube
C) the cell...
If you were to prune the shoot tips of a plant, what would be the effect on the plant and the leaf area index?
If you were to prune the shoot tips of a plant, what would be the effect on the plant and the leaf area index?
A) bushier plants; lower leaf...
A plant developed a mineral deficiency after being treated with a fungicide. What is the most probable cause of the deficiency?
A plant developed a mineral deficiency after being treated with a fungicide. What is the most probable cause of the deficiency?
A) Mineral...
Most angiosperms have alternate phyllotaxy. What allows each leaf to get the maximum exposure to light and reduces shading of lower leaves?
Most angiosperms have alternate phyllotaxy. What allows each leaf to get the maximum exposure to light and reduces shading of lower leaves?
A)...
The ancestors of land plants were aquatic algae. Which of the following is not an evolutionary adaptation to life on land?
The ancestors of land plants were aquatic algae. Which of the following is not an evolutionary adaptation to life on land?
A) C3 photosynthesis
B)...
All of the following are plant adaptations to life on land except
All of the following are plant adaptations to life on land except
A) tracheids and vessels.
B) root hairs.
C) cuticle.
D) the Calvin cycle...
Which of the following would not be seen in a cross-section through the woody part of a root?
Which of the following would not be seen in a cross-section through the woody part of a root?
A) sclerenchyma cells
B) parenchyma cells
C)...
Which of the following arise, directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?
Which of the following arise, directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?
A) secondary xylem
B) leaves
C) dermal tissue
D) tubers
E)...
Based on the ABC hypothesis, what would be the structure of a flower from the outermost whorl that had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls?
Based on the ABC hypothesis, what would be the structure of a flower from the outermost whorl that had normal expression of genes A and C and expression...
The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by
The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by
A) a change in the morphology of the...
Heartwood and sapwood consist of
Heartwood and sapwood consist of
A) bark.
B) periderm.
C) secondary xylem.
D) secondary phloem.
E) cork.
Answer:...
The innermost layer of the root cortex is the
The innermost layer of the root cortex is the
A) core.
B) pericycle.
C) endodermis.
D) pith.
E) vascular cambium.
Answer:...
Most of the growth of a plant body is the result of
Most of the growth of a plant body is the result of
A) cell differentiation.
B) morphogenesis.
C) cell division.
D) cell elongation.
E) reproduction.
Answer:...
Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s) that George left functional was/were the
Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down....
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